1 An edge "e" in a graph (Undirected or directed ) that is associated with the pair of vertices n and q is said to be incident on n and q, and n and q are said to be incident on e and to be adjacent …

Nov 7, 2025 · The degrees of the inner vertices $1$, $2$, $3$, and $4$ are $4$. and each of them is incident with the quadrilateral $1234$. We call this configuration a \emph {star}.

Here's alternative proof that a connected graph with n vertices and n-1 edges must be a tree modified from yours but without having to rely on the first derivation:

Similarly, if the two vertices were initially odd degree, then connecting (or removing) an edge will turn both of the vertices into even degree, and n n will decrease by 2 2. 2) One vertex is odd …

Mar 15, 2020 · Coordinates of the vertices of a five-pointed star Ask Question Asked 5 years, 8 months ago Modified 3 years, 11 months ago

Dec 11, 2010 · Anyone know of an online tool available for making graphs (as in graph theory - consisting of edges and vertices)? I have about 36 vertices and even more edges that I wish to …

0 The outer radius (of the outward pointing vertices) of a 5 pointed star divided by the inner radius (of the inward pointing vertices) = the golden ratio squared. This is approximately 2.618. I …

A directed simple graph is a structure consisting of the set of vertices and a binary relation that is irreflexive. For the case of the disconnected graph, the relation is empty, and there is one such …

Dec 6, 2017 · I understand the theory, but some of the questions require memorizing several formulas for calculating the number of vertices, internal vertices, and leaves. The professor …

Apr 7, 2012 · I have coordinates of 3d triangle and I need to calculate its area. I know how to do it in 2D, but don't know how to calculate area in 3d. I have developed data as follows. …