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For computational devices, talk isn't cheap: Research reveals unavoidable energy costs across all communication channels

Every task we perform on a computer—whether number crunching, watching a video, or typing out an article—requires different ...
Scientific Research Publishing

Secure Offline: A Hardware-Bound Cryptographic Framework for Software License Validation in Internet Constrained Educational Environments ()

The system employs HMAC-SHA256 (Hash-based Message Authentication Code using SHA-256) for license integrity verification. SHA-256 refers to the Secure Hash Algorithm producing 256-bit hash values (see ...