Why does changing just one proton in the nucleus of an atom create a different element? The number of protons in an atomic ...

The distribution of outermost shell electrons, known as valence electrons, of organic molecules was observed for the first time. As the interactions between atoms are governed by the valence electrons ...

On the move: time sequence of the electron distribution of the molecule 1,3-cyclohexadiene after it is excited by a light pulse. (Courtesy: SLAC) Scientists in the US and UK are the first to observe ...

Hollow atoms are special atoms with multiple missing electrons in their inner shells, while their outer shells are still fully or partially filled with electrons. Studying the production mechanisms, ...