In the world of data analysis and statistics, continuous and discrete data play fundamental roles. These two types of quantitative data serve different purposes as people use them to draw valuable ...

Discover how probability distribution methods can help predict stock market returns and improve investment decisions. Learn to assess risk and potential gains.

At each sampling time instant, one observes system output and action to form discrete-time rewards. The sampled input-output data are collected along the trajectory of the dynamical system in ...