Deep learning is increasingly used in financial modeling, but its lack of transparency raises risks. Using the well-known Heston option pricing model as a benchmark, researchers show that global ...

Crop pests cause substantial yield losses worldwide and pose persistent challenges to sustainable agriculture.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly prevalent, integrated into phone apps, search engines and social media platforms as well as supporting myriad research applications. Of particular interest ...

The TLE-PINN method integrates EPINN and deep learning models through a transfer learning framework, combining strong physical constraints and efficient computational capabilities to accurately ...

• Leaf vein network geometry can predict levels of resource transport, defence and mechanical support that operate at different spatial scales. However, it is challenging to quantify network ...

As artificial intelligence continues to reshape multiple industries, many globally recognised AI certifications are now available for professionals in 2026.